動物和鳥類問題
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美國境內以及世界各國的公共健康官員正在調查H1N1流感的爆發。新H1N1流感即將爆發，預期會有更多病例。如要了解H1N1流感在美國的狀況，請訪問 美國傳染病防治中心H1N1流感網站。 如要瞭解目前的旅行警告，請訪問 美國傳染病防治中心的旅行者健康網站。有關H1N1流感在國際上的狀況（其中包括受疾病感染的國家地圖），可以在 世界衛生組織流行性感冒A （H1N1）網站上查找到.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Information on H1N1
Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced that USDA's National Veterinary Services Laboratories has confirmed the presence of 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in a pig sample collected at the Minnesota State Fair in August, 2009. Secretary Vilsack stated, “People cannot get this flu from eating pork or pork products. Pork is safe to eat.”
USDA October 16, 2009 News Release
- USDA National Veterinary Services Laboratories Presumptive and Confirmatory 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Test Results for Animal Samples (PDF - 138 KB) Updated frequently
- USTR Kirk and Agriculture Secretary Vilsack Announce China's Intent to Re-open the Chinese Market to U.S. Pork Products (October 29, 2009)
- Secretary Vilsack Statement regarding Animal Health and 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza (September 10, 2009)
- USDA Frequently Asked Questions about H1N1
- National Surveillance Plan for Swine Influenza Virus:Including Novel H1N1 2009 Virus (PDF - 234 KB)
- USDA H1N1 Flu Page
Protecting People Exposed to Pigs (Swine)
- Interim Guidance for Workers who are Employed at Commercial Swine Farms: Preventing the Spread of Influenza A Viruses, Including the 2009 H1N1 Virus
- What Pork Producers and Workers Need to Know about Influenza (Flu) in Pigs and People (PDF - 186 KB)
- 2009 H1N1 Flu Virus Outbreak (American Veterinary Medical Association)
Pet owners should monitor their pets' health very closely, no matter what type of animal, and visit a veterinarian if there are any signs of illness.
H1N1 flu and seasonal flu are not spread by food, whether it is raw or cooked. It is not necessary to alter cooking times or temperatures for any food product to reduce chances of contracting a flu virus. You CANNOT get H1N1 flu from eating pork or pork products.
- Food Safety and Supply Frequently Asked Questions
- Safety of Fresh Pork…from Farm to Table （美利堅合眾國農業部）
- Ham and Food Safety （美利堅合眾國農業部）
- Keep Food Safe: Meat (FoodSafety.gov)
A food worker with the flu does NOT present any risk to the safety of food. However, one of the best ways to reduce the spread of influenza is to keep sick people away from well people. Workers who have symptoms of the flu, such as fever, runny or stuffy nose, coughing, sneezing, sore throat, and muscle aches, should stay home and not come to work until at least 24 hours after their fever has resolved.
Food Handler Frequently Asked QuestionsWorldwide, there are many strains of avian influenza virus that can be spread by migratory fowl. These viruses can cause varying degrees of illness in poultry.
The spread of a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 virus across eastern Asia and into Europe and Africa represents a significant threat, with health professionals concerned about a potential human pandemic. This virus has passed from infected poultry to humans and other mammals, and has had devastating impacts on poultry farming in several nations.
- Avian Influenza (PDF - 409 KB) (U.S. Geological Survey)
Find in-depth information on avian influenza in the USGS Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases. - Fact Sheet: Low-Pathogenicity H5N1 vs. High-Pathogenicity H5N1 （美利堅合眾國農業部）
關於低致病性病毒與高致病性病毒H5N1的區別的資料.
H5N1: Interagency Screening Plan
The interagency strategic plan, developed by wildlife disease biologists, veterinarians and epidemiologists, provides a unified national system for conducting H5N1 HPAI monitoring of wild migratory birds throughout the United States. The plan serves as a guide to all federal, state, university and non-governmental organizations involved in avian influenza monitoring by providing standard procedures and strategies for data sampling, diagnostics, and management.
Related Documents
- Bi-weekly Avian Influenza Maps (Food and Agriculture Organization)
View world regional maps showing outbreaks of avian influenza. - 禽流感 (USGS National Wildlife Health Center)
Find information on monitoring of wild migratory birds by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Includes reports of outbreaks in other countries. - [PDF en Español - 228KB]
Describes two types of bird flu and how the USDA is working with agencies nationally and internationally to watch for bird flu. - Update on Avian Influenza in Animals (Type H5) (World Organisation for Animal Health)
Read the latest official reports on test results for avian influenza, arranged by country, followed by virus type, and then by date. - Outbreaks of Avian Influenza (Subtype H5N1) in Poultry (PDF - 14 KB) (World Organisation for Animal Health)
View a graph of avian influenza outbreaks in poultry by country from the end of 2003 to the present. - National Avian Influenza Surveillance Information (U.S. Geological Survey)
View a web site showing current information about wild bird sampling for early detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the United States. - Avian Influenza: H5N1 Timeline (World Organisation for Animal Health)
Timeline of H5N1 infection in poultry and wildlife. - Impact Worksheets on Animal Health Events (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
Find out how the affected country's production and trade in the livestock and livestock products is likely to be affected by the disease.
- Amendment to the National Poultry Improvement Plan (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
APHIS increases the number of approved tests for avian influenza (AI) used in breeding and commercial poultry from two to four. - Questions and Answers: Avian Influenza （美利堅合眾國農業部）
Learn basic facts about avian influenza. - Protect Poultry, Protect People: Basic Advice for Stopping the Spread of Avian Flu (PDF - 71 KB) (Food and Agriculture Organization)
Sets out some practices for people to help reduce the risk of disease in animals and humans. - Avian Influenza: Protecting U.S. Agriculture Brochure (PDF - 346.15 KB) （美利堅合眾國農業部）
Brochure with information on regulations associated with importing birds and bird products into the U.S. - Antimicrobial Products to Disinfect Poultry and Other Facilities Against Avian (Bird) Flu (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)(En Español)
Provides information about disinfectants that are available to help prevent the spread of avian (bird) flu. - 禽流感 (USDA - Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
Read about the threat Avian Influenza poses to U.S. poultry. - Animal Health: Avian Influenza (Food and Agriculture Organization)
Access a list of resources on avian influenza. - 禽流感 (World Organisation for Animal Health)
Find information that governments can use to protect their countries from outbreaks of this disease. - Embargo of Birds from Specified Countries (疾病控制和預防中心)
Discover which countries are prohibited from exporting birds and bird products to the United States.
H5N1: Protecting People Exposed to Animals
- Personal Protective Equipment and Risk for Avian Influenza (H7N3) 美國傳染病防治中心(CDC)
Read a study on how the correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by persons managing avian influenza outbreaks may reduce exposure to potentially hazardous infected poultry materials. - Avian Influenza: Protecting Poultry Workers at Risk （職業安全與衛生管理局）
Discover how employers can provide a safe environment for their poultry workers.
Read how to protect people involved in activities that could result in exposure to avian influenza, such as culling operations, carcass disposal, and cleaning and disinfection of premises.- Guidance for Protecting Workers Against Avian Flu （職業安全與衛生管理局）
Learn how employers can protect workers who might expose them to avian flu can protect themselves from infection.
Sets out some practices for people to help reduce the risk of disease in animals and humans.
- Disposal of Domestic Birds Infected by Avian Influenza - An Overview of Considerations and Options (PDF - 458 KB) (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
This document outlines critical factors in the avian influenza disposal process and includes a variety of both on- and off-site disposal/treatment options, information on cleaning and disinfecting disposal equipment, guidance on transporting infected materials for disposal, and contact information for local and state environmental, agricultural, health, and emergency response organizations. - Safety Guidelines for Handling Wild Birds (USGS National Wildlife Health Center)
Gives advice for the general public, hunters, and field biologists. - 禽流感 (Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife)
Read a fact sheet prepared for hunters by the State of Washington.
Read about the H5N1 virus infection that have been reported in domestic cats in Germany and Austria and also the detection of H5N1 infection in a stone marten in Germany.- H5N1 Avian Influenza in Domestic Cats (World Health Organization (WHO))
News story from WHO on the domestic cat in Germany that died from avian flu. Includes discussion of cat-to-cat transmission of avian flu, and the probable source of infection in cats.
